The challenge
States are passing EPR laws, and recycling infrastructure differs enormously from city to city. Oatly needed to know how both would affect the recyclability of its packaging, and what to do about it.
What I did
- Researched the EPR programs in every state that has passed a law, and the recycling infrastructure in those states.
- Interviewed 10+ experts at material recovery facilities (Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, Florida, Texas) and end-market processors such as fiber processors, to learn how infrastructure decisions get made, where recyclability falls off in the value chain, and what pain points operators face.
- Visited a material recovery facility in Chicago to see firsthand how one operates.
- Built a recycling scorecard covering all 50 states and D.C., combining data from the Carton Council, The Recycling Partnership, and Circular Action Alliance, cross-checked against other databases.
- Mapped California, which has the strictest EPR law and the most complex infrastructure, with a Sankey diagram and full value chain analysis.
- Studied the five pathways to packaging source reduction through case studies and analogs, to find the best fit for Oatly.
- Met with the client every two weeks to share insights and status, run like a consulting engagement.
The result
I delivered a final recommendation to Oatly with 12 packaging strategy ideas and supporting case studies, backed by the EPR policy research, the 50-state infrastructure view, and the expert interviews. It gives the team a clear basis for getting ahead of emerging EPR requirements.
State-by-state recycling scorecard
California Sankey diagram
Deck slides